Five Back Pain Risk Factors That You Should Know

Back pain is a common condition, but are you familiar with the most common risk factors that cause it? We've got five you should be aware of to support healthy back habits.

Updated November 19, 2024

By Eric Requa, DO, Sports Medicine Specialist – Virtua Orthopedics & Spine

Though just about everyone can experience it, there are a number of risk factors that can lead to back pain. Here are some of the most common causes:

Age: Back pain is most common after age 30, though poor habits in youth may have a negative impact later on. In particular, parents should monitor the weight of their children’s backpacks, which when overloaded, can lead to back pain. (The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons recommends a child’s backpack weigh no more than 15 to 20 percent of his or her body weight.) For adults, gradual wear and tear on the spine may cause disk degeneration or spinal stenosis that lead to neck and back pain.

Lack of exercise: Weak back and abdominal muscles cannot properly support the spine. It’s better to maintain a daily routine of moderate physical activity rather than trying to pack it all into your weekend. Low-impact activities can especially help you maintain a healthy back. Talk with your doctor when considering a new exercise regimen or significantly changing your current routine.

Weight: Not surprisingly, carrying excess weight puts additional strain on your back.

Smoking: Since smoking reduces blood flow to the lower back, it can prevent disks in your back from receiving enough nutrients. Smoking also slows the healing process following an injury.

Work factors: Of course, a job that requires lifting or pushing heavy objects—or jobs which subject your spine to frequent twisting—can lead to back pain. But office jobs can do the same, especially if you have poor posture while sitting at your desk or using a chair with inadequate back support.